This scourge of subcutaneous tissues, which seems inevitable during prolonged bed rest, still has no well-established treatment . The question then arises: how to treat pressure sores? We will explain the mechanism of pressure sore formation and how to treat a pressure sore with the treatments in place.
What is a pressure ulcer, definition?
A pressure sore is a skin lesion of ischemic origin, that is to say due to a lack of blood supply. It is also called a deep wound , a bed sore or a bed ulcer depending on the country. This wound that never seems to heal is the consequence of prolonged pressure of skin tissue against a surface. Depending on the development of the pressure sore, it is classified from stage 1 to stage 4 .
For example, if you are bedridden for a long time (or for people in wheelchairs), the constant contact of the flesh against the bed (or the chair) will gradually compress the blood vessels and therefore reduce the blood supply. The subcutaneous tissues will begin to create deep necrosis (or several), then gradually this hypoxia will spread and rise towards the surface of the skin. In general, a pressure sore will appear towards the bony protrusions where the pressure is higher. It initially manifests itself:
- by an area of persistent redness ( stage 1 ),
- induration of the skin with the progressive appearance of blisters ( stage 2 )
- Then the wound appears with necrosis of the skin (stage 3).
From this point on, it is very difficult to turn back and surgery becomes almost inevitable. In the most severe cases, there is a stage 4 and 5 where the ulcer area becomes increasingly larger.
| Stadium | Description |
|---|---|
| Stage 1 | Redness of the skin |
| Stage 2 | Damage to the epidermis and/or dermis |
| Stage 3 | Subcutaneous tissue damage |
| Stage 4 | Damage to muscles, bones and tendons |
Are pressure sores common?
In France, the prevalence of pressure sores among hospitalized patients is estimated at 9%. Around 300,000 people in France , of all ages, suffer from pressure sores - spinal cord injuries, hospitalization at home, having undergone surgery.Why does a pressure ulcer not heal?
The first reason why it is difficult to treat a pressure ulcer is that the patient often has to remain bedridden . The ulcer is a secondary consequence and it is often not possible or feasible to put the patient in another position. Then we need to understand the mechanism of wound healing . Good skin healing is nothing other than the normal development of cells, whether we are talking about skin cells, muscle cells or others, we need to allow correct cellular development.
If the cells multiply rapidly under good conditions, then healing can occur .
So let's see what a cell needs to multiply without problems, to help us we will compare a cell to a baby. To grow, a baby must be fed, a cell must be vascularized. The child needs to drink, a cell must be hydrated. It must breathe and the cell must be oxygenated. It does not need chemicals, the same for the cell.
Finally, it must be in a healthy and clean environment without aggressive factors. For a wound to heal, it is therefore necessary to allow vascularization by limiting compression, hydrate it abundantly, oxygenate it as much as possible by avoiding dressings that are too thick that do not let air pass through and above all avoid the overabundance of medicinal chemicals that disrupt proper cellular development. One last point is added to this list, it is the extracellular matrix (ECM).
What is the extracellular matrix ?
The extracellular matrix, also called intercellular cement , is the support on which a cell will develop. It is essentially composed of proteins of all kinds, you have surely already heard of some of them which make up collagen or elastin which give the elastic appearance to our skin . Well, know that there are a multitude of other proteins in this matrix, including a particularly interesting family in our case: metalloproteases (MMPs). MMPs are enzymes which are capable of degrading the constituents of the extracellular matrix. Some dressings allow the regeneration of the extracellular matrix, this is the case of the liquid antiscar dressing .
Normally, they allow damaged or injured parts to be destroyed to allow other actors to synthesize a new matrix. For healing to take place normally and quickly, it is always necessary to maintain a balance between MMPs and their inhibitors, TIMPs (for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases).
When MMP concentrations become higher than those of TIMPs, there is then delayed healing or even no healing! When a pressure ulcer appears , a significant inflammatory phenomenon will occur which will disrupt the action of TIMPs. MMPs will then quickly take over and continue to degrade the ECM more and more. The cells can no longer multiply and the wound remains chronic. If other factors that we have seen earlier in this article are added, such as a lack of oxygenation, poor hydration of the wound or the application of chemical antiseptic products, it is practically impossible for the wound to heal on its own.
How to treat a pressure sore: treatments
The treatment of pressure ulcers must consider wound healing , but also the patient's suffering. It is therefore a multidisciplinary approach that requires the involvement of all parties: caregivers, nurses, the doctor and of course the patient himself. To improve wound healing, it is important to keep the wound oxygenated and hydrated.
It is necessary to apply dressings that will protect the wound , but still allow it to remain aerated. This is why new liquid dressings are now being developed to promote this oxygenation. If the pressure ulcer wound becomes infected, it will be necessary to resort to either antibiotics or local antiseptics. However, this strategy is of no interest if the diagnosis of the infection is not proven. In some cases for stage 4 pressure ulcers, surgery is inevitable. It is necessary in the face of tissue necrosis, when organs are exposed or when the bone is exposed. Sometimes surgery is also necessary when the wound infection is too severe.
Tips: everyday actions to treat bedsores naturally
People with pressure ulcers usually have fragile and/or dry skin, poor lymphatic drainage or poor blood circulation . Pressure ulcers can be very painful and can even lead to infection if not treated properly.
A few daily actions will help prevent or even relieve pressure sores. Find out below how to treat pressure sores:
1. Watch your diet and drink plenty of fluids.
Eating healthy and plenty of food helps prevent pressure sores. Drink at least six to eight glasses of water a day to help keep your skin hydrated.
2. Move regularly to help prevent pressure sores.
If you are immobilized, change position every two hours or so to distribute your body weight evenly.
3. Use specially designed cushions or mattresses to reduce pressure on areas at risk of pressure sores.
Specially shaped foam cushions can help reduce pressure on hips, heels and elbows.
4. Wear loose, comfortable clothing to avoid irritating your skin.
Tight clothing can put unwanted pressure on your skin and make pressure sores worse.
5. Remember to clean your skin every day with mild soap and warm water.
Then dry your skin carefully to avoid irritation.
6. Apply moisturizer daily to help prevent dry skin.
Creams and lotions containing moisturizers such as olive oil, aloe vera or vitamin E can help prevent pressure sores.
7. Monitor your skin for signs of pressure sores, including redness, swelling, pain or warmth.
If you notice one or more of these symptoms, see your doctor immediately. He or she can prescribe treatment to prevent or treat pressure sores.
How to treat bedsores with natural treatment?
How to treat a pressure ulcer? Corrective measures should be taken immediately after spotting a wound for prevention and also to reduce the risks of non-healing. Treatment can be in the form of conventional treatment or home treatment, depending on the patient's condition, which is equally effective in reversing the infection and healing the wound . Management involves spotting the wound at an early stage and starting treatment immediately.
How to treat a bedsore with aloe vera?
Aloe vera is a miracle plant, it has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, soothing and healing properties. The use is simple, just apply fresh aloe vera gel on the bedsores. Not only will it heal the bedsores, but it will prevent their appearance. The natural cooling properties of Aloe Vera prevent itching and burning sensations. This method is one of the most effective home remedies to treat bedsores and get quick relief.
Natural compresses and poultices to relieve bedsores
Natural compresses and poultices are one treatment option for relieving pressure sores. Not only can these natural remedies help relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but they can also help heal damaged tissue.
Chamomile compresses: Chamomile is known for its powerful anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. To make a chamomile compress, steep dried chamomile flowers in hot water, cool slightly, then soak a soft cloth in the liquid. Then apply the compress to the pressure sore for 15 to 20 minutes, several times a day.
Clay poultice: Clay has the ability to absorb toxins and help eliminate dead cells, while promoting skin regeneration. To prepare a clay poultice, mix green clay with water until you get a thick paste, then apply to the bedsore. Leave on for 1 to 2 hours before rinsing.
It should be noted that these natural remedies can be very beneficial, but they should not replace proper medical treatment. It is always recommended to consult a healthcare professional before trying new treatments.
Essential oils to use in the treatment of bedsores
Essential oils can also be of great help in treating pressure sores , thanks to their antiseptic, antibacterial and healing properties.
- Lavender Essential Oil: Lavender oil has soothing and restorative properties that can help heal damaged tissues. It can be applied directly to the pressure sore after dilution.
- Tea Tree Essential Oil: Due to its antiseptic and antimicrobial properties, Tea Tree oil is a great option to prevent bed sore infection. It should not be applied pure, but rather diluted in a carrier oil before use.
It is important to remember that using essential oils should always be done with caution, as they can be very potent and potentially irritating if not diluted properly. As always, consult a healthcare professional before trying any new treatments.
Effective medicinal plants for treating bedsores
In addition to essential oils, medicinal plants can also be used to help treat pressure sores. They can be used in the form of compresses, poultices, or incorporated into the diet.
- Calendula: It is used for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which can help relieve pain and prevent infection.
- Aloe vera: Known for its healing and moisturizing properties, aloe vera can help regenerate skin tissue.
Ultimately, pressure ulcer treatment involves much more than skin care. It is necessary to consider the patient's entire well-being, including nutrition and appropriate physical activity, to effectively prevent and treat pressure ulcers.
How to treat a bedsore naturally with myrrh and turmeric?
Applying a mixture of myrrh essential oil and turmeric powder is used to improve blood circulation, support the immune system, help wounds heal faster, and help the body get rid of toxins. Turmeric, on its own, is very effective in treating pressure sores. Its antimicrobial properties prevent any type of infection that can be caused by the wounds . It reduces pain and provides instant relief. Turmeric also heals wounds quickly.
How to treat a bedsore naturally with beetroot?
Beetroot has proven to be very effective in treating bedsores naturally. It prevents itching and soothes wounds. Beetroot mixed with honey has increased effectiveness on bedsores. It is very soothing for the areas affected by bedsores. In addition, honey keeps the area hydrated and prevents itching and redness.
How to treat a bedsore naturally with coconut oil?
Massage can improve blood circulation and thus prevent the occurrence of bedsores. Take olive oil or coconut oil and massage the body completely to improve blood circulation. Warm coconut oil is great for the skin and massage until it is completely absorbed. As a precaution, massage the entire body except the wounds. This will help to stimulate blood circulation and heal the wounds quickly.
ANTISCAR the anti-bedsore liquid dressing
Antiscar is the new natural treatment from Naturveda. It has proven to be very effective in a clinical study conducted on stage 2 to 3 pressure ulcers. This technology uses natural polymers to stimulate healing. Its mechanical action helps to oxygenate, reduce inflammatory proteins and proteins that degrade the extracellular matrix. The results appear quickly.
The importance of a balanced diet in the treatment of pressure ulcers
As a reader, you are probably wondering, what does diet have to do with pressure ulcers? Well, it turns out that a balanced and healthy diet plays a major role in preventing and treating pressure ulcers. To understand how, we are going to have to dive a little deeper into the world of nutrition.
Pressure ulcers, or bedsores, often develop in people who remain in the same position for a long time, putting excess pressure on certain areas of the skin. Nutrients from a balanced diet can help strengthen the skin, speed healing, and prevent infections.
So what are the most important nutrients your body needs to prevent and recover from pressure ulcers?
- Protein: Protein is essential for tissue repair. It can help repair skin damaged by a pressure sore. Try to include healthy sources of protein in your diet, such as fish, poultry, eggs, and legumes.
- Vitamin C: Vitamin C helps the body produce collagen, a protein that helps keep skin strong and elastic. Citrus fruits, bell peppers, kiwis, and strawberries are good sources of vitamin C.
- Zinc: Zinc is a mineral that helps wounds heal. It is found in meat, whole grains, seafood, and legumes.
- In addition to these specific nutrients, adequate hydration is also essential. Water helps keep skin hydrated and resilient, which can help prevent pressure sores. Aim to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day, and more if you are active or if it is hot.
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In summary, a balanced diet is a key factor in the treatment of pressure ulcers. It is important to note that while diet can help with prevention and treatment, it should not be used as a substitute for other appropriate medical care. Always be sure to consult a healthcare professional for any type of pressure ulcer treatment.
Position changes and the importance of prevention
You are probably wondering: how can simply changing your position help in the treatment of pressure sores? This is a very valid question, and the answer lies in the fact that pressure sores usually develop due to prolonged pressure on a certain area of the skin. By moving and changing positions regularly, one can help relieve this pressure and prevent the development of pressure sores.
Here are some tips for incorporating position changes into your routine:
- If you are lying on your back, try to turn from side to side every two hours.
- When sitting, try to stand up or change position every 15 minutes.
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Use pillows or cushions to help relieve pressure on at-risk areas.
Even with these precautions, it is essential to maintain good skin hygiene to prevent the development of pressure ulcers. This includes regularly cleaning the skin with mild soap and water, applying moisturizer, and immediately treating any redness or irritation of the skin.
It is by taking these simple precautions that you can make a significant contribution to the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Naturally, these tips are even more beneficial when combined with other natural treatment methods, such as the use of essential oils or medicinal plants, and the establishment of a balanced diet.
Signs of healing and how to monitor the progress of the pressure ulcer
Identifying the signs of pressure ulcer healing is crucial to verify the effectiveness of the treatment. It is also important to regularly monitor the evolution of the pressure ulcer to adjust the treatment if necessary. Let's see how to do this together.
There are several signs that your pressure ulcer is starting to heal. These signs include:
- Reduction in the size of the ulcer, whether in thickness, width or length.
- Reducing inflammation and redness around the wound.
- The appearance of healthy, red, granular tissue at the bottom of the wound. This tissue has a lumpy appearance because it contains new blood vessels formed during healing.
- The reappearance of skin around the edges of the wound. This new epidermis, usually pink and shiny, indicates the beginning of the healing process.
But how do you monitor the progress of your pressure ulcer? Here are some steps to follow:
- Daily Examination: Inspect the pressure ulcer daily for signs of healing. Use a light source to examine all details. If the wound appears to be getting worse, consult a healthcare professional immediately.
- Photograph the wound: To concretely monitor the evolution, nothing is better than images. Take regular photos of the wound to have points of comparison. However, it is important to always take the photos in the same context (same lighting, same distance, same angle).
- Nutrition and Hydration: Maintain a balanced diet and drink plenty of water. Nutrients and hydration are essential for healing.
- Keep a record: Record all changes related to the pressure ulcer, including the healing process and any obstacles encountered. Also display the photos taken in this record.
Regularly monitoring the pressure sore and identifying signs of healing can help you get rid of this condition quickly. Remember that each person is unique and healing time may vary. Patience and perseverance will be your best allies.
References
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